Prediction of the dynamic oscillation threshold in a clarinet model with a linearly increasing blowing pressure : influence of noise

This paper presents an analysis of the effects of noise and precision on a simplified model of the clarinet driven by a variable control parameter. When the control parameter is varied the clarinet model undergoes a dynamic bifurcation. A consequence of this is the phenomenon of bifurcation delay: the bifurcation point is shifted from the static oscillation threshold to an higher value called dynamic oscillation threshold. In a previous work [8], the dynamic oscillation threshold is obtained analytically. In the present article, the sensitivity of the dynamic threshold on precision is analyzed as a stochastic variable introduced in the model. A new theoretical expression is given for the dynamic thresholds in presence of the stochastic variable, providing a fair prediction of the thresholds found in finite-precision simulations. These dynamic thresholds are found to depend on the increase rate and are independent on the initial value of the parameter, both in simulations and in theory.Comment: 14 page

On the Intrinsic Locality Properties of Web Reference Streams

There has been considerable work done in the study of Web reference streams: sequences of requests for Web objects. In particular, many studies have looked at the locality properties of such streams, because of the impact of locality on the design and performance of caching and prefetching systems. However, a general framework for understanding why reference streams exhibit given locality properties has not yet emerged. In this work we take a first step in this direction, based on viewing the Web as a set of reference streams that are transformed by Web components (clients, servers, and intermediaries). We propose a graph-based framework for describing this collection of streams and components. We identify three basic stream transformations that occur at nodes of the graph: aggregation, disaggregation and filtering, and we show how these transformations can be used to abstract the effects of different Web components on their associated reference streams. This view allows a structured approach to the analysis of why reference streams show given properties at different points in the Web. Applying this approach to the study of locality requires good metrics for locality. These metrics must meet three criteria: 1) they must accurately capture temporal locality; 2) they must be independent of trace artifacts such as trace length; and 3) they must not involve manual procedures or model-based assumptions. We describe two metrics meeting these criteria that each capture a different kind of temporal locality in reference streams. The popularity component of temporal locality is captured by entropy, while the correlation component is captured by interreference coefficient of variation. We argue that these metrics are more natural and more useful than previously proposed metrics for temporal locality. We use this framework to analyze a diverse set of Web reference traces. We find that this framework can shed light on how and why locality properties vary across different locations in the Web topology. For example, we find that filtering and aggregation have opposing effects on the popularity component of the temporal locality, which helps to explain why multilevel caching can be effective in the Web. Furthermore, we find that all transformations tend to diminish the correlation component of temporal locality, which has implications for the utility of different cache replacement policies at different points in the Web.National Science Foundation (ANI-9986397, ANI-0095988); CNPq-Brazi

Prison and inhumanity in Brazil. A critical based on the history of the present

The paper presents, through hypothetical-deductive and historical methods, a contribution of the history of the present to the critical study about the violation of the fundamental rights of persons deprived of their liberty. It points out data and information of violation of fundamental rights in the prisons. It exposes the characters about the history of the present. It analyzes the Brazilian trajectory of violence, violations and inequalities. Finally, it indicates the need for criticism beyond the rhetoric of punishment and humanity. The article concludes that obedience to human dignity is a constant element in penitentiary constitutionality, in defense of democracy and respect for fundamental rights. The persistent violations of the prison reality indicate that the intervention must be directed to the spaces that produce and naturalize the violence of the violation, with the objective of reaching the base that sustains authoritarian, segregationist and exclusionary dynamics

Revisit Behavior in Social Media: The Phoenix-R Model and Discoveries

How many listens will an artist receive on a online radio? How about plays on a YouTube video? How many of these visits are new or returning users? Modeling and mining popularity dynamics of social activity has important implications for researchers, content creators and providers. We here investigate the effect of revisits (successive visits from a single user) on content popularity. Using four datasets of social activity, with up to tens of millions media objects (e.g., YouTube videos, Twitter hashtags or LastFM artists), we show the effect of revisits in the popularity evolution of such objects. Secondly, we propose the Phoenix-R model which captures the popularity dynamics of individual objects. Phoenix-R has the desired properties of being: (1) parsimonious, being based on the minimum description length principle, and achieving lower root mean squared error than state-of-the-art baselines; (2) applicable, the model is effective for predicting future popularity values of objects.Comment: To appear on European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases 201

Wavelets Applied to the Detection of Point Sources of UHECRs

In this work we analyze the effect of smoothing maps containing arrival directions of cosmic rays with a gaussian kernel and kernels of the mexican hat wavelets of orders 1, 2 and 3. The analysis is performed by calculating the amplification of the signal-to-noise ratio for several anisotropy patterns (noise) and different number of events coming from a simulated source (signal) for an ideal detector capable of observing the full sky with equal probability. We extend this analysis for a virtual detector located within the array of detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory, considering an acceptance law.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures. Proceedings of the Young Researchers Meeting, 2010. Available in: http://www.ifi.unicamp.br/physicae/ojs-2.1.1/index.php/physicae/article/view/191; Physicae, Proceedings of the Young Researchers Meeting, Vol 1, 201

Estrategias de futuros profesores de primaria en problemas aditivos con números negativos

Este trabajo analiza las estrategias de resolución de problemas aditivos simples con números negativos por parte de futuros profesor de enseñanza primaria. Los resultados muestran seis estrategias diferentes que dependen de la dificultad del problema y en especial, de la posición de la incógnita. Los futuros profesores usan números negativos en los problemas que les resultan más sencillos y recurren a otras estrategias en los problemas más complejos. Las respuestas evidencian dificultades que se suponen, son superadas en la enseñanza obligatoria

Respuestas de estudiantes de secundaria a tareas de sentido numérico

En ese trabajo se analizan las respuestas de estudiantes de secundaria a tareas numéricas susceptibles de resolverse haciendo uso de sentido numérico. Se analizan las estrategias y los razonamientos de sentido numérico frente a los procedimientos algorítmicos y de aplicación de reglas. Se observa cómo el uso del sentido numérico queda condicionado por dificultades y errores en conceptos numéricos propios de niveles básicos y por el tipo de actividad. Las tareas con enunciados semejantes a los tradicionales presentan mayor aparición de reglas y algoritmos